Postfix

De WikiOpenTruc
Révision datée du 27 juillet 2018 à 07:46 par Cornélius (discussion | contributions) (Exemples)
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Install

# apt-get install postfix
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  postfix-sqlite ssl-cert
Suggested packages:
  procmail postfix-mysql postfix-pgsql postfix-ldap postfix-pcre postfix-lmdb sasl2-bin libsasl2-modules dovecot-common resolvconf postfix-cdb mail-reader ufw postfix-doc
  openssl-blacklist
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  postfix postfix-sqlite ssl-cert
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 1,776 kB of archives.
After this operation, 4,442 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 ssl-cert all 1.0.39 [20.8 kB]
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 postfix-sqlite amd64 3.1.8-0+deb9u1 [318 kB]
Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 postfix amd64 3.1.8-0+deb9u1 [1,437 kB]
Fetched 1,776 kB in 0s (5,347 kB/s)
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously unselected package ssl-cert.
(Reading database ... 37530 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../ssl-cert_1.0.39_all.deb ...
Unpacking ssl-cert (1.0.39) ...
Selecting previously unselected package postfix-sqlite.
Preparing to unpack .../postfix-sqlite_3.1.8-0+deb9u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking postfix-sqlite (3.1.8-0+deb9u1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package postfix.
Preparing to unpack .../postfix_3.1.8-0+deb9u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking postfix (3.1.8-0+deb9u1) ...
Setting up ssl-cert (1.0.39) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (232-25+deb9u3) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...
Setting up postfix-sqlite (3.1.8-0+deb9u1) ...
grep: /etc/postfix/dynamicmaps.cf: No such file or directory
Adding sqlite map entry to /etc/postfix/dynamicmaps.cf
Processing triggers for rsyslog (8.24.0-1) ...
Setting up postfix (3.1.8-0+deb9u1) ...
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/postfix.service → /lib/systemd/system/postfix.service.
Adding group `postfix' (GID 113) ...
Done.
Adding system user `postfix' (UID 108) ...
Adding new user `postfix' (UID 108) with group `postfix' ...
Not creating home directory `/var/spool/postfix'.
Adding group `postdrop' (GID 114) ...
Done.
setting myhostname: vps50xxxx
setting alias maps
setting alias database
changing /etc/mailname to vps50xxxx
setting myorigin
setting destinations: $myhostname, xxx.ovh.net, localhost.ovh.net, , localhost
setting relayhost: 
setting mynetworks: 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
setting mailbox_size_limit: 0
setting recipient_delimiter: +
setting inet_interfaces: all
setting inet_protocols: all
/etc/aliases does not exist, creating it.
WARNING: /etc/aliases exists, but does not have a root alias.

Postfix (main.cf) is now set up with a default configuration.  If you need to 
make changes, edit /etc/postfix/main.cf (and others) as needed.  To view 
Postfix configuration values, see postconf(1).

After modifying main.cf, be sure to run 'service postfix reload'.

Running newaliases
Processing triggers for systemd (232-25+deb9u3) ...
Processing triggers for rsyslog (8.24.0-1) ...

Pour la configuration : j'ai sélectionné les propositions par défaut : internet site et nom de domaine inchangé


Paramètres

Il faut un peu la documentation. Pour une utilisation basique, il n'y a que 2 ou 3 paramètres à bien spécifier, mais si ce n'est pas le cas, il va y avoir des soucis, eg bounce.


Exemples

  • Postfix ne propose pas la commande mail
  • Postfix propose la commande sendmail , mais par défaut, seulement pour root

sendmail user@domain.tld < fichier.txt

sendmail -v user@domain.tld < fichier.txt

echo "totototo" | sendmail user@domain.tld

sendmail user@domain.tld

demande de taper le texte avec CTRL-D ou bien un point tout seul sur une ligne pour stopper.


Résultats

Postfix stocke les mails entrants dans : /var/mail

Les mails undelivered vont se retrouver là.

Attention, en cas de mails automatiques, eg générés via cron, en peu de temps on peut se retrouver avec de gros fichiers.


Liens


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